Cloaking is a black-hat SEO technique where different content is shown to search engine crawlers and human visitors. This is done to manipulate search rankings by presenting optimized content to search engines while showing different or irrelevant content to users.
Cloaking is considered unethical and violates search engine guidelines. It can lead to penalties or even removal from search engine results. It is important to focus on providing accurate and relevant content to both search engines and users for long-term success and compliance with SEO best practices.